Why is Martin Luther King Junior thought of as a most influential person?

 A most common name that comes to mind when it comes to who is the most influential person is Martin Luther King Junior. Our lifestyle has largely been influenced by him. The society that Doctor King described in his speeches are unfathomable today, and the change in the civilization of the United States of America due to Martin’s work was practically instantaneous. The following quote is an excerpt from his most famous speech at the Alabama State Capital Building:

I have a dream that one day, down in Alabama, with its vicious racists, with its governor having his lips dripping with the words of "interposition" and "nullification" -- one day right there in Alabama little black boys and black girls will be able to join hands with little white boys and white girls as sisters and brothers. (King 1963)

Since Martin Luther King Junior was murdered on April 4, 1968, he was only able to witness his dream become reality for about three years. The revolution was still an infant. This literature will evaluate the types of influences that he used. The construction capstone class curriculum exposed several. There are ways to influence people that are not motivating, and these were revealed to the author before he made the list of Mister King’s powers. It is interesting that he did not use the powers are not truly motivating. These powers are reward, coercive, legitimate, information, and ecological power. The powers that Martin Luther King did not use will not be explained. His truly motivating powers is his notoriety of his personal power and position. Referent power comes from his integrity, and his expert power come from his intelligent exercise of his scholarship. The proceeding paragraphs will address his powers in the order given next: expert, personal, position, and referent. Expert power will be the first power addressed because it is easily separated from the other powers, and the power is least influential without it being combined with others.

“Unique knowledge of how to perform tasks or solve problems is at the heart of expert power.” (Sessions 2014) Martin Luther King’s journey for equality started at age seventeen in the church, giving his first speech, where his father was a pastor, as he was studying Sociology at Morehouse College. Benjamin E Mays was the president of the college, inspiring him to pursue social justice. After a second bachelor’s degree, the first was Sociology and the second was at Crozer Theological Seminary, Martin achieved a PhD in Theology at Boston University. He developed his expertise in social action since his teenage years. His social justice agenda had the right to vote as the solution to all of Jim Crow laws and persecutions. At that time Lyndon Johnson was the President of the United States of America. The following quote from the Selma movie paints the image as he spoke to President Johnson, proceeding a church bombing, which killed four young girls:

Because there have been thousands of racially motivated murders in the South, including those four girls… And you know the astounding fact that not one of these criminals who murder us when and why they want has ever been convicted. ... Not one conviction because they are protected by white officials chosen by an all-white electorate. And on the rare occasions that they face trial, they are freed by all-white juries. All-white because you can't serve on a jury unless you are registered to vote. (Selma 2014)

His expertise in Sociology, Law, and Theology as he was a pastor gave him great skill in writing speeches. He knew how to inspire a congregation, but his power could not come without his personal integrity. The following paragraphs will describe his personal powers such as his position and referent.

The influence practiced by “personal power is directly associated with a person's behavior, traits, and characteristics.” (Sessions 2014) An example of his personal power is when Jimmie Lee Jackson was murdered for participating in a march against the persecution of black people. He visited his family personally. His demeanor was humble as he spoke to his father, saying “There are no words to soothe you, Mr. Lee. There are no words. But I can tell you one thing for certain. God was the first to cry. He was the first to cry for your boy.” Martin Luther King Junior’s personal power was also expressed in his meetings with the President of the United States of America. He would confront President Johnson with a very deliberate agenda. His persistence got the president to see that legislations needed to be given executively. The president was in a power struggle with Martin Luther King until King’s movement was so momentous that the president’s “War on Poverty” was delayed. The word “fate” in the following quotation of President Lyndon Johnson indicates that he was compelled by Martin Luther King, making “history” to force executive action:

I speak tonight for the dignity of man and the destiny of democracy. At times, history and fate meet at a single time in a single place. So it was last week in Selma, Alabama. There, long suffering men and women peacefully protested the denial of their rights as Americans. Rarely in any time does an issue lay bare the secret heart of America itself. The issue for equal rights for the American Negro is that issue. For this issue, many of them were brutally assaulted. There is no Negro problem. There is no Southern problem. There is only an American problem. The Constitution says that no person shall be kept from voting because of his race or color. To correct the denial of this fundamental right, this Wednesday, I will send to Congress a law designed to eliminate these illegal barriers. The bill will strike down voting restrictions in all elections, federal, state and local. And we shall do this. We shall overcome. (Johnson 1965)

According to Lyndon Johnson comprehensive legislation was passed more than six months earlier to resolve the persecution of black people; however, it had little influence on state practices. As “history,” which the author analogizes to refer to Martin Luther King, and “fate,” which he analogizes to refer to President Lyndon Johnson, Martin’s “personal power is directly associated with [his] person's behavior, traits, and characteristics,” (Sessions 2014) compelling this speech by the President of the United States of America.

“Position power is a person's authority in connection with his or her position or title in an organization.” (Sessions 2014) As Martin King researched the best location to start his march to a state or national capital, he found that Selma, Alabama was the city. He sought a coalition with The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee in Selma to gain a greater following. The leaders of the SNCC resisted Martin Luther King’s team, saying “Maybe we should just leave Selma...” (Selma 2014) One reason that the SNCC resisted is that MLK’s team failed in Albany. After the team’s negotiation fizzled, Martin observed the situation. Approaching the leaders of The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, he said the following Selma film transcript quote:

Enough of this now. I haven't the time for this. None of us got the time for this. John. James. The way our organization works is straightforward. We negotiate. We demonstrate. We resist. And on our best days, our adversary helps the matter by making a mistake. Now, we were in Albany for nine months and we made a lot of mistakes. But their sheriff, Laurie Pritchett, he never made a mistake. Kept his cool, kept arresting us in a humane way, carried people to the jail-wagons on stretchers. Day in, day out. There was no drama.

You mean there was no cameras.

Exactly. Now I know, we all understand, that you young people believe in working in the community long-term. Doing the good work to raise black consciousness. It's good grassroots work. I can't tell you how much we admire that. But what we do is negotiate, demonstrate, resist. And a big part of that is raising white consciousness. And in particular the consciousness of whichever white man happens to be sitting in the Oval Office. Right now, Johnson has other fish to fry and he'll ignore us if he can. The only way to stop him doing that is by being on the front page of the national press every morning and by being on the TV news every night. And that requires drama. Now... John. James. Answer me one question. I've been told the sheriff in this town isn't like Laurie Pritchett in Albany. He's a big ignorant bully like Bull Connor in Birmingham. Well, you tell me. You know Selma. You know Sheriff Jim Clark. Is he Laurie Pritchett? Or is he Bull Connor? (Selma 2014)

In this meeting Martin Luther King displayed a few influences. Informational and position powers was shown as well as a rational persuasion. Another influence that was expressed is that Martin was the higher management support that his team needed to achieve the coalition. MLK told James and John what happened in Albany; said their appreciation, revealing his personal friendly nature; and taught the methodology of his campaign. It took a while to win the full support of The Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, but Martin’s input in the negotiation was a good start compared to leaving Selma. A personal scene in the movie had showed the referent power and personal relationship with a leader of the SNCC.

 “Referent power occurs when a follower wants to be like or closely associate with the leader and demonstrate strong loyalty towards the leader.” (Sessions 2014) The campaign was straining on Martin King. Sometimes he would express discouragement in difficult times. After a march demonstration failure, he went on a drive with John Lewis, the SNCC leader. The following quote is a display of his loyalty towards Doctor King:

When I was working with SNCC on the Freedom Rides, the Montgomery bus reached the city limits. We got off. And out of nowhere, from all directions, they came. There was men, women. Kids, too. They had just about every makeshift weapon you could think of. I mean, bats, bricks, tire irons, pipes. I remember... I remember this little girl just clawing her nails into the side of my friend Jessie's face while her daddy... Her daddy beat him with an ax handle. Jessie was unconscious, and they just kept beating on him and beating on him. I must've passed out on the asphalt somewhere. Next day, I found myself patched up and sitting in a church. I could barely hold my head up, but I needed to be there. You were gonna be speaking. And I needed to hear you. And I was feeling down, but you got up there. I'm about to tell you right now. And I hope you hear me. You said that we would triumph. That we would triumph because there could be no other way. And you know what else you said? You said, “Fear not. We've come too far to turn back now.” (Selma 2014)

King’s referent power reflected through John back to him, yet John Lewis was not one of Doctor King’s main team members. The next quote will illustrate the comradery between Martin and his close associate. After a demonstration landed MLK’s team in jail, he asked downheartedly. “What are we doing, Ralphy?” (Selma 2014) Martin’s conversation with his team member is as follows according to the film:

We take it piece by piece. Like we been doing. We build the path as we can. Rock by rock.

This cell is probably bugged.

It probably is.

Oh, Lord. They're gonna ruin me so they can ruin this movement. They are.

Look at the birds of the air that they do not sow, nor reap, nor gather into barns, and yet your Heavenly Father doth feed them. Are you not worth much more than they? And who of you by being worried can add a single hour to his life?

(Selma 2014)

A follower, sustaining their leader, is evident of their devotion. It is also evident of Martin Luther King’s referent power.

In conclusion Martin Luther King Junior set the foundation of his life by studying society with his first bachelor’s degree during his teenage years. He was only thirty-nine years old when he was murdered, yet he practiced influencing social justice for more than twenty years. He became an intentional leader, using meekness with his powers. Martin was a powerful expert, knowing how to execute influential events, protests, and movements. He had the integrity to lead his life and other’s lives, saying “I'm no different than anybody else” (Selma 2014) as he refused government protection. His position gave him authority to use many types of influences to accomplish what he knew what needed to happen. Martin Luther King’s dream is still a referent power that people feel today, promoting equality among all races, cultures, and peoples.

Humility Talk

My wife asked me what doctrine that I will teach about humility. I turn straight to the beatitudes that Jesus Christ taught his disciples. I will also be quoting a lot from Ezra Taft Benson's speech "Beware of Pride." The talk that was given to me to ponder is "Be thou humble" by Elder Steven Snow.

"Blessed are the poor in spirit who come unto me, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven... And blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth. And blessed are all they who do hunger and thirst after righteousness, for they shall be filled with the Holy Ghost."

Humility is the first step to accessing the principles of the Gospel. We must "desire, in the first place, that ye should believe, yea, even on his word." (Alma 32:22)

"Think of the repentance that could take place with lives changed, marriages preserved, and homes strengthened, if pride did not keep us from confessing our sins and forsaking them. (See D&C 58:43.)"

"Pride is the great stumbling block to Zion." Zion is the residence of the pure in heart, where "there was no poor among them." "And blessed are all the pure in heart, for they shall see God" as the people and city of Enoch. Is this not our hope for the whole world? The second coming is soon. Let us prepare the way of the Lord by establishing Zion. "The Saints are counseled to build up Zion wherever they are living in the world."

I want to discuss these doctrine, applying to our personal lives.

"Pride adversely affects all our relationships—our relationship with God and His servants, between husband and wife, parent and child, employer and employee, teacher and student, and all mankind. Our degree of pride determines how we treat our God and our brothers and sisters. Christ wants to lift us to where He is. Do we desire to do the same for others?"

I am prompted to speak on how we should be humble to yourself, your spouse, your children, neighbors, family, and community. We also should be humble to your God, callings, priesthood, employers, and teachers. If I were to address each relationship, I will be speaking for an excessive amount of time. The following quote from Matthew 22 will simplify my message:

But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together. Then one of them, which was a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, and saying, Master, which is the great commandment in the law? Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.

We should be humble and loving to ourselves, loving other people the same way. Also we ought to understand and work well with yourself. Sometimes we are too hard on ourselves. There are many ways that people have relationships with themselves. We have to face our weaknesses, strengths, temptations, natural man, bodies, minds, backgrounds, upbringing, and spirit. There are many ways that we need to be humble to ourselves.

I like to have personal definitions for words.

• The recognition of our weaknesses takes humility because we are self-aware. 
• My wife attended the strengths strategies workshop. It is based on Deanna Murphy the P2B speakers curriculum. It recommends that we lead our lives with your strengths rather than focusing on your weaknesses. Find a passion to pursue, and your weaknesses will not be as bad. 
• Temptations are our personal struggles with specific sin. 
• The natural man are the natural tendencies of man to achieve their unrighteousness selfish desires with the least amount of effort. Let me give you an example. In Elder Snow's talk, he said "As we raise our own children, we need to help them remain humble as they mature into adulthood. We do not do this by breaking their spirit through unkindness or by being too harsh in our discipline."
• We have to be humble to our bodies. Our bodies have requirements to be healthy, and they are not perfect. The imperfections of our bodies require a greater humility. 
• Our minds have habits to many times we defeat ourselves before we attempt to do something. Our minds have their personal way of interpreting the world. 
• Each of us have our own personal experiences that have shaped us. We may be limited and may have confidence to do things based on the experiences of our lives. 
• We have to be humble to how we have grown from a child. Understand that we have been shaped by the people around us, and people who have raised us. 
• We need to respect and be humble to our spirit because we can forsake our spirit and become enveloped in the many aspects of what makes us who we are. We are spirit children of God, our Father in Heaven. 
• We also have to be humble to the Holy Ghost who prompts us very privately to do things that we can only do. Do the things that you personally feel that is right for you based on your personal revelation. 

"We can choose to humble ourselves by conquering enmity toward our brothers and sisters, esteeming them as ourselves, and lifting them as high or higher than we are. (See D&C 38:24; D&C 81:5; D&C 84:106.)

"The central feature of pride is enmity—enmity toward God and enmity toward our fellowmen. Enmity means “hatred toward, hostility to, or a state of opposition.” It is the power by which Satan wishes to reign over us."

We should recognize the enmity, “hatred toward, hostility to, or a state of opposition" that we have within ourselves, and we should forsake them. We should esteem all people as we do ourselves.

When we recognize ourselves as we understand our state of being, we can recognize other people for what they might be enduring. Treat every moment as a personal moment. Listen to each other, not having a loaded answer to reply.

Be willing to change. As we understand who we are, we are self-aware. We can recognize what is bad in our souls. We can face them, and try to overcome our personal challenges.

"Spencer W. Kimball, the 12th President of the Church, said: 'How does one get humble? To me, one must constantly be reminded of his dependence. On whom dependent? On the Lord. How remind one’s self? By real, constant, worshipful, grateful prayer.'"

What it’s Like to Divorce in a “Families Are Forever” Culture

 Published in Meridian Magazine by Lisa McDougle

One thousand cried out in want of a voice, their pleas desperate for understanding and validation. It seemed behind each statistic and checked box was a shattered human being who felt lost of all sense of value in the world, in their relationships, and even in their ward families. The words “outcast,” “cipher,” “misfit,” and even “plague” jumped out at me. What was this so-called condition that so isolated them from the associations that they had once enjoyed? Leprosy? Chicken Pox? No, the devastating “plague” of divorce.

The survey was born of my own heartbreak after divorcing, and wondering how, when I needed comfort and support the most, I felt suddenly alone in the world? In 2011, after 32 years of marriage, I got out of an unhealthy marriage only to find myself on a deserted Island, so to speak. Friends, family, and ward members seemed to go in to hiding the moment I found myself in unchartered territory. Not only did I feel deserted, I was suddenly the target of great ridicule and judgment from those who I considered to be my comrades, and should have been my emotional support.

I wondered if anyone really cared about me now that my family had fallen apart? Was I no longer wanted in the Church as a divided entity? Had I belonged to a “Perfect Family Club” all along and didn’t know it until I no longer fit in?

While young, I had gained a testimony for myself. I never doubted the truthfulness of the Gospel of Jesus Christ. I had made a decision way back then that no matter what I would stay in the safety of the Church. Many times this conviction was tested as conflicts arose with other members, but never like during and after my divorce. I wondered if my experience was isolated. This couldn’t possibly be normal Mormon-culture-protocol for such a devastating trial.

Looking back throughout my married life, I realized, ironically enough, I had almost always been given divorced sisters to Visit Teach. The majority had left the church, and had very hurt feelings toward members. I heard their stories of being released from their callings and being put in isolated callings such as the nursery, and being reassigned Home Teachers that were the oldest High Priests in the ward. They spoke of being treated differently at church meetings, no longer being invited to activities with member friends like before, and becoming the brunt of rude comments and gossip.

I have to admit that I had a hard time believing that their experiences weren’t isolated incidents. I hadn’t seen it personally, therefore they must be mistaken. Twenty years later, I experienced it for myself. Down to the 90-year-old Home Teacher, the nursery calling, and the sudden object of ridicule and gossip. It seemed so strange to me that a group of people who are taught every week to emulate Christ would believe that being cruel to members going through the trial of divorce was acceptable behavior. I had to be wrong about this.

In the Church there is a place for everyone. The Nursery for tiny tots, Primary for children, Young Men’s and Women’s, Relief Society, Priesthood. Where was that place for those going through the destruction of their family, lost dreams, and financial chaos? There were no counselors to advise, no friends to lend support, no auxiliary to help with the transition into single life and single parenting and bread winning.I looked on Social Media for anything that might bring like-situated lost souls banned from the inner circle of the Church culture, and all I found were a few single’s dating sites. I knew there were many of us, but where did they go? They couldn’t just disappear. Were others out there needing to feel understood and validated?

So I did what any other lonely “cast–away” would do, thus the creation of my “LDS Divorce Survivors” Facebook Support Group. If I felt completely abandoned and alone, I bet others did also. At first my goal was just to have a place where others like me could land and give each other support. But it was also a great place to get more information for my research.

Then I created two surveys, one for the sisters, one for the brethren. I asked around 50 very pertinent and sometimes painful questions about every aspect of their experience in connection with the LDS Culture and their wards, friends, neighbors, and family during this trial. “What methods did the bishop use to support you, what was done for the children, how many years did you stay in the marriage after things had gone bad, how were your Home Teachers, who were the best supporters during this time, had you gone to counseling?” And more.

Many said it brought tears to their eyes to reveal their experiences, but at the same time it was nice to know someone cared about what they went through.

For the past 6 years I have reached out to some Single’s Wards for their participation in the survey, handed out cards at the end of dances, but most came from the LDS Single’s type Facebook groups, of all ages, from all around the world, and over 1000 recipients responded.

Sadly enough, my fears had been confirmed in the faceless words that cried out to me on my screen. “I had to move from my ward to stop the gossiping about me and my family.” “My home teachers never visited me again.” “I was released from my calling as Relief Society Counselor and put in the nursery.” “I felt like I had the plague.”

I also learned what some wards and leaders had done exactly what the victims needed. Many had great ideas for supporting their ward members and their families during this trying time, and because of their efforts, the transition period went much smoother, holding on to the members and their children until they were able to land on their feet.

Unfortunately, these examples were seldom in comparison. One sister expressed her feelings about her experience:

“I sat across from my bishop and announced that I was leaving my husband of over 30 years. He stared at me, his eyes wide with unbelief. I felt sorry for him. We had been considered one of those rock-solid families in his congregation. The one where the husband had been a Bishop himself, and I had been in teaching capacities that included Seminary and Institute, and most recently Gospel Doctrine. That family he didn’t have to worry about. That family with the big smile at church. 

Then I went on to describe what went on behind closed doors. The physical and emotional abuse, the ‘gas-lighting,’ the phone calls from women for my husband, the makeup found on his garments, and many other signs that led me to believe he was cheating on me.

“I was desperately seeking a refuge from the upcoming storm of trying to escape a well respected abusive man with what I was fearing was personality disorders. I had witnessed his great influence as he had regularly cut off my support from my friends, family, and church leaders and ward family with his persuasive personality and his charismatic destruction of my character. Those I would need to lean on if I were to try to escape. When the time came, my loving bishop assured that he believed me, that his heart was heavy for me, and that he would do whatever was in his power to give the needed support. Then he asked me not to talk to anyone in the ward about the divorce. I feared that if no one knew my side of the story, it would be open for his ‘version.’ I was right.

She continued:

“In the end, my charming ex-husband had my bishop, stake president, and whole ward believing that I was the one having an affair, and that he was my victim of abuse. Few ward members would speak to me after my ill treatment of such a great man. The loss of my ward family was devastating to me. I had been in that ward for 13 years and thought that they knew me better. I had hoped to be able to lean on this wonderful, loving group of people during the hardest trial of my life. Instead I was the target of ridicule and unkind comments. The gossip only made a horrible situation unbearable. Even children and youth avoided me at Sacrament Meetings. It felt like I was the favorite topic around the dinner table. Needless to say, each Sunday I went home in tears.

“I go to church to have my cup filled so that I can face my trials, not to be publicly humiliated. As a victim of abuse and infidelity, my world was spinning. It made no sense. My friends disappeared, some turned on me, very few stood by my side. I remembered all the times I served these very friends and ward members during their hard times. I wondered where they were now that I needed them? I was only ever questioned by those seeking information for the latest juicy information to pass around. Few showed honest concern for my welfare.

“In the end I had lots of questions about why divorce in the church put these select members into a ‘don’t touch’ zone, like outcasts or misfits. I suddenly felt like I was on the outskirts of the ‘welcome group.’ I felt like my trial was not among the ‘acceptable trials’ for church members. Death, sickness, and injury were fine to experience, but if your family falls apart, no casserole for you!”

“As I started my life over in another state and ward, I wracked my brain trying to figure what I could have done differently. How could I have convinced my bishop any better so he would continue to stand by me and defend me? How could I have convinced him of my husband’s crimes so that he would take the steps to hold a church court and handle his sins against the church? What else could I have done or said? How could I possibly be more believable? 

“This ex-husband went to a new ward and stake, was given high positions of authority, passing the ecclesiastical permissions of his new leaders, without any voice from his previous bishop. It was a slap in my face to know the level of deception this man had committed with his double life, and yet to have him prance off in his “wolves clothing” without check. I wondered what church I belonged to? Had I not been a leader myself knowing how things were supposed to be done? Did it only happen properly for everyone else? Why was he not brought to face his crimes? Why did I feel like I was ostracized and he was being celebrated? Was this typical?”   ~anonymous

Her question stirred my heart. Unfortunately, as I read on, I found that her story was ever too common. In fact most often, at the time when these sufferers needed the most love and support, those that should be reaching out seemed to go in to hiding. Is it because ward members and friends are mean spirited or vindictive? No, most likely they are just unaware, or feel awkward toward them. They don’t know what to do or say. And yes, too many are judgmental. We, too, have judged wrongfully in our lives, thinking our view was complete of another person’s plight.

Whether we are leaders, friends, ward or family members, we need to be better about supporting those going through the devastation of divorce. One common thread that I had found throughout the survey was that they had stayed much longer than they should have because of their temple marriage, and their fear of the reaction of their LDS community. They endured even in abusive, addiction, and infidelity situations. As they finally fled the toxic environments, more often then not, victims who chose to continue going to church ended up having to move from their ward families to find peace from the gossip and mistreatment from the very people who they thought would rally to their side and offer encouragement.

Unfortunately too many divorce victims left the church altogether, along with their children. They did not want to stay where they “were not wanted.” I asked the question of my survey flock: “What were ward members/leaders doing that made them feel unwanted?”

• The sisters are threatened that the divorcee may suddenly be interested in their husbands.
• Members/leaders inwardly believe divorce is contagious.
• One spouse often spreads misinformation first to take the light off of their own misdeeds, and further isolate the victim
• They feel awkward and don’t know how to act around them, so they just avoid altogether
• They believe that by the act of snubbing “naughty-family-splitters” they are teaching the victims a lesson
• They fear being latched on to, and don’t want to get involved
• The whole subject of divorce scares them, so they avoid anything or anyone that has to do with that nasty subject
•  They didn’t allow their children to interact with those of the divorced family any longer.

If victims tried to express the change in behavior of their ward family to their folks or friends, they were greeted with “I’m sure you are just being overly sensitive, and it just seems others are treating you differently.” We need to be respectful enough to realize people know when their treatment is unusual when compared to before a divorce.

Emotional abuse victims are also seldom believed since there are no bruises to show. Without proper validation of their experiences, these victims struggle to move on and heal from the past. They lose trust in their closest associations, and fear their existence is meaningless when important relationships overlook their abuse/neglect.

PTSD during this stage is common, as are high levels of anxiety, extreme weight loss, a decline in health, not to mention the destruction of self-esteem, and even suicide. Seldom will loved ones listen to the pain-filled stories victims have had to hold inside for years, and be willing to offer comfort, like they would a death in the family.

Robert Hyte, who once served as a Pastor for the Wasatch State Corrections Facility in Salt Lake City, reported that the prison was full of women convicted of murder who felt they had no other alternative to stop the abuse when they had tried all other avenues for protection.

It seems easier to turn a blind eye to the suffering of others when we don’t know what we can do to help that would make any difference without it consuming our already busy lives. In my survey I asked what support looked like to them, and surprisingly, their responses seemed simple enough even for the busiest of “Saints:”

• Send a note of encouragement (mail, text, note attached to flowers, social media, etc.)
• Give them a hug and tell them you care
• Save them a space in church so they don’t sit alone
• Treat them like you used to, don’t be awkward around them
• Ask if there is anything you can do for them, make suggestions. “May I take your kids when you go to court?” “My son would love to mow your lawn this week?”
• Take them to lunch regularly, especially if you are their friend or Visiting Teacher
• Listen to them. Don’t advise, or lecture. Just validate their experiences. And then keep it confidential.
• Understand that even professionals can be manipulated by experienced deceivers. Be careful about taking sides. Victims tend to be unbelievable, and abusers very convincing.
• Love those that make mistakes. Christ came to bless the sinner, “the whole need not a physician.” Inside the church is the only place they can turn themselves around and get back on the path.
• Get rid of the stigma attached to divorced people. They are still the same folks as they were before, and when this is over, they will be the same again.
• If you went out as groups before, continue to invite them now.
• If you are a leader of their children, make sure they have rides to the activities, and get extra attention during this time. Their world is falling apart, reach out to them.

Looking back I wished I’d been more aware of my divorcing friends, and found ways to be supportive. I pray I did not add to their already painful experience by spreading gossip and disparaging those involved. Sometimes it takes having to go through things yourselves to fully understand the loneliness of others. I’d rather like to believe I went through this experience to teach me valuable lessons about a large portion of my brothers and sisters in my community who need better empathy and compassion. It is my goal is to hold on to our members, suffering through divorce, within the safety of the Church’s embrace.

Another Facebook group has emerged for those who have divorced and have left the church, and are now “anti-Mormon” divorce survivors. They are growing at the same rate as my Facebook group, unfortunately.

I think that we can step up as Latter Day Saints and reach out to those in need without selfish excuses and unfounded fears. We are not a club for the elite. Even these brethren and sisters can have hope in moving forward on their path to eternal families. It’s so much easier to keep them in the fold then to try to bring them back when lost. It can only happen if we embrace them within the warmth of our Saviors love, as taught to Peter by the resurrected Lord. “Do you love me Simon Peter? (Latter Day Saints?), (Lisa McDougle?), (John Doe?)…. Then Feed my lambs.”

By Lisa McDougle, CLC
Founder: LDS Divorce Survivors, Inc.

Advanced Estimating BIM Documents

In my Advanced Estimating class, I made the building information model because we were designing a house for my teacher. Since I was most interest in Revit, I took charge of it for my group. Conversations about the teacher's house went well. I asked questions about the lot location, the number of children, the purpose of the house, renewable energy ideas, interior design ideas, and more. I found out later that other groups did not ask these questions. Designers should know the lot that the owner has purchased before designing.

StoryWorth Founder interview on the Mormon Channel

Get twenty dollars off the annual fee at StoryWorth.com/extreme

Segment 3 Episode 86 of Extreme Genes

Host: Scott Fisher with guest Nick Baum

Fisher: Welcome back to Extreme Genes, America’s Family History Show and ExtremeGenes.com. Fisher here, your Radio Roots Sleuth, and I will tell you that at RootsTech, as we were looking at all kinds of new products that were coming out, I don’t think anything made anybody more excited than this, “StoryWorth.com.” And I got to meet its inventor, we’ve become good friends, Nick Baum is on the phone with us right now. Nick, how are you?

Nick: Great. It’s good to talk to you again. I’m glad we finally got a chance to meet in person at RootsTech.

Fisher: Well, you know, Nick’s project kind of began around the time as mine. We’re watching our growth kind of parallel, and you guys ran away with the best new product for family history at RootsTech, and there was such a good reason for it. I’ll let you explain exactly how it works, Nick.

Nick: Great. So StoryWorth is really the easiest way to record your family’s stories. The idea is, if you’re into genealogy you can get your whole family involved telling stories about their life, and really collect these stories from all family members. The way we make it this easy is we do it all over email and over the phone. So if your relatives aren’t super tech savvy or you don’t have a lot of time to spend on it, we make it super, super easy for them. You sign your relatives up, each week we send them one question about their life, things like, and “What is your favorite memory of your grandmother?” Or, “Tell me about the day you got engaged.” And all they have to do is reply with a story.

Fisher: Yeah. One story, once a week, and in a year you’ve got 52 stories, which is unbelievable.

Nick: Right. People are often surprised. We offer printed books now and when they order the book we say, “Well, you have 237 pages.”

Fisher: [Laughs]

Nick: They can’t believe they’ve written 237 pages in a year.

Fisher: Exactly. And it’s done so easily. What I like about it is that so many seniors, and those are the people we really need to get to first, they are often really struggling when it comes to computers and that type of thing. You even have a phone version. Tell us how that one works.

Nick: So, again, we try to keep it as simple as possible. So for the phone version, you really just have to call in to our phone number once a week and it asks you to record the story just like you would record a voice note. So the nice thing is it that it works with any phone, it doesn’t have to be a smart phone, it even can be a landline. If they have a cell phone, we’ll also send them the question by SMS, and if they have an email address they can start the call directly from the email we send them. But at the simplest level it’s really just call in and we’ll ask you the question and just record the story. And we save the recording, we email it to your family, and now we also offer transcription. So if you want to get that recording transcribed and have the text of it, we can do that as well.

Fisher: Is that all automated, Nick?

Nick: It’s all automated, yes. For the transcription, we actually work with real humans, right? So automatic transcription isn’t quite up to par, but for you, it just requires a click of a button and then we handle finding the person to transcribe it and sending it back to you.

Fisher: Isn’t that incredible? And I can only imagine the gems, the treasures that have come from this already. You’ve only been around, what, 2 or 3 years?

Nick: Yeah. We’re a little over 2 years old right now, so we’re just starting out, but we feel very lucky that we’re getting so many people interested in family history by making it easy.

Fisher: Give us some of the feedback that you’ve got and a couple of stories that have come back.

Nick: Sure. So, one of the things that I’ve been really happy to see is that people use it for such a wide range of times in their life. So, recently we worked with one customer who was preparing a gift for her mother’s birthday, and so she collected stories about her mother from all of her mother’s friends and she compiled those into a book, which I thought, was a really lovely thought and a really lovely gift.

Fisher: Sweet.

Nick: On the other end, a very touching moment for me was when I got a phone call, just last week, from a customer whose mother sadly passed away, and as you know, it is never a fun call to get, but she was calling to thank us because she has a full collection of stories from her mother that she told me she would never have gotten otherwise. Her mother really opened up to her through this medium, and she spontaneously called just to express her gratitude. So often we don’t think to have these conversations until it can be too late, and I feel very lucky that we can make that happen and get so easy.

Fisher: Yeah, isn’t that a great thing to do! You create a product that serves so many people in such a great way. That’s a great business to have and we bring this up, of course… and I wanted to talk to you because Mother’s Day is just around the corner. I was thinking, “What would be a great thing for Mother’s Day?” I can’t imagine anything better than StoryWorth.

Nick: That’s true, and we actually do get a lot of sign ups around Mother’s Day. It does make for a good gift. The way you do it is this—if you go to our website, and because you’ve been such a supporter of our product,  I wanted give something back to your listeners, I’ve set up a promo code and it’s “StoryWorth.com/Extreme.” If you sign up at that link you will get 20% off your subscription and then you can invite your mother, set up some questions and then she can basically start recording her stories for the year to come. At the end of the year, if you have a good collection of stories, then you can go ahead and order the books and get a physical copy of them.

Fisher: It’s just a phenomenal thing because people are always struggling to find the time and ask the right questions. Well, let’s talk about that a little bit. How do you pick the questions? Or can the customer pick the questions? Explain that to us.

Nick: That’s a great question. So we have hundreds of questions that you can choose from, and we try to spend all different times of your life, whether it’s childhood or work or love or travel. By default we’ll select some suggestions, but you have full control over which questions get sent out, so you can change them, you can remove some, you can add others, and of course you can write your own. I really encourage people to do that because the best stories are the ones that come from the most personal questions. One way we make sure that always the good questions are getting sent out is that we’ll actually send our customers the questions that we’re going to send their relatives ahead of time. So every Friday we say, “Hey, on Monday we’re going to send out these questions. Do you want to change any of them?”

Fisher: That’s a great way to go. Okay, so on Fridays you send that out, then on Monday they get the question and then they have pretty much what — a week to get it done?

Nick: Exactly usually we send them out once a week and we find that that’s a good manageable schedule. Of course then some people batch them up they’ll save a couple and do them on the weekend and catch up.

Fisher: Now, in the books, that you’ve put together, you’ve probably read a few stories that touched your heart a little bit, Nick. What have you seen?

Nick: One of the things that I should point out is that we actually don’t read the stories. We are very, very serious about privacy, and so we want people to feel comfortable sharing their personal stories with only their family members. We never look at the stories. So, one of the things we’ve been doing for Mother’s Day is reaching out to customers and asking them if they would like to share a story about their mother for our community, and so we’ve been posting those on our blog. One that I particularly like is a customer’s mother who was actually working during World War II in a garment factory creating garments for the military, and so she has the story about real kind of Rosie the Riveter moments.

Fisher: Right.

Nick: It’s actually been really fun. Our community lead, Hope, has been collecting these stories and it’s just amazing to hear the incredible women and how inspiring they are.

Fisher: You know, you’re right, we have lost so many World War II people now and men and women from that era. And I liked what you mentioned earlier too, you can recapture stories of your people simply by getting in touch with friends or great aunts and uncles and they can fill in a lot of holes for you through this.

Nick: That’s right, Scott. So on that topic I actually have a bit of a personal anecdote which is that my wife’s father sadly passed away when she was college, and of course, my wife was one of the earliest StoryWorth users and she found out her aunt, (her father’s sister) had been getting a lot of stories about his life and their life growing up together that she would never have gotten otherwise, that she just wouldn’t have thought to ask about them. She’s getting these very rich stories about her father, even though he passed he passed away 13 years ago. So yes, inviting siblings, inviting friends is a great way to learn.

Fisher: So, once again just for people to understand, you save the voices of these people as they tell the stories, right?

Nick: We save the audio recordings. If you attach pictures when you write an email story, we save the photos. And then of course when you send the email then we save the text. So, really, everything you send us we save for you, to safeguard.

Fisher: Six family members under 80 bucks in an entire year. Unbelievable! What a great service.

Nick: And again, you get 20% off if you sign up at StoryWorth.com/Extreme.

Fisher: That’s right. Just in time for Mother’s Day. Nick, great stuff, great product, great invention! You know, it’s always exciting to meet people with new ideas on how to preserve our family history. In my mind, you’ve got the killer of them all, it’s “StoryWorth.com.” You can get the special discount at StoryWorth.com forward slash Extreme. Thanks so much for joining us.

Nick: Always great to talk.

To Build a Better Marriage

By Brent A. Barlow

There are two all-too-universal truths in human behavior when people are in conflict: (1) it’s always the other person’s fault; and (2) a person will change only after the other decides to change, or “give in” in some way. Few of us have the capacity or desire to look at our own behavior objectively and see what part we may have in both the origin and solution of the problem.

This is particularly true in marriage relationships. When trouble, conflict, or problems occur, the human tendency is to blame one’s marriage partner first. Then we often refuse to make any initial effort for change until, with our incessant promptings, our spouse acknowledges the errors of his or her ways. We say or think things like: “If only he would … ,” or “If only she could. …” Then we list, literally or mentally, all the changes our spouse needs to make to improve the marriage.
Of Beams and Motes

In the Sermon on the Mount, the Savior revealed one of the greatest insights to this human tendency, and gave what is sometimes called the Change-First Principle. He said:

“And why beholdest thou the mote that is in thy brother’s [or spouse’s] eye, but considerest not the beam that is in thine own eye?

“Or how wilt thou say to thy brother [or spouse], Let me pull out the mote out of thine eye; and, behold, a beam is in thine own eye?

“Thou hypocrite, first cast out the beam out of thine own eye; and then shalt thou see clearly to cast out the mote out of thy brother’s [or spouse’s] eye.” (Matt. 7:3–5.)

Jesus was a carpenter. For him, a beam was a large piece of wood and a mote was a small speck of sawdust. In metaphor, he was asking his disciples (including husbands and wives) why they were so skilled in perceiving the small inadequacies in others and yet were oblivious or nearly blinded to their own larger imperfections. To overcome this common human weakness, Jesus admonished them to change first—to “cast out” or overcome their own imperfections—and then they would be less inclined to try to change someone else’s smaller inadequacies.

Today, counselors and therapists who deal with human behavior often give similar advice to married couples whose problems are not so serious that they involve violations of law or marriage vows.
We Can’t Command Change

Most husbands and wives who love each other will try to make small, reasonable changes in their relationship so their marriage can be more stable and satisfying. But there is danger in equating the willingness of another to change with that person’s love and commitment to the marriage. In a recent book, two psychologists wrote that it is a myth that your mate must change for you if he or she really loves you. They explained: “Couples sometimes go on trying to change each other long after it is clear that it won’t work. What happens is that the one who wants change begins to build a case that gets increasingly extreme and dramatic, even obsessional, as though the validity of the marriage hinged on some specific change. Getting a spouse to change becomes tantamount to getting him or her to love you.”

They added: “You are allowing yourself to equate change with love whenever you find yourself being unrelenting in your effort to persuade your spouse to be different. Some of the clues are constant criticism, nagging, and at times uncontrolled irritability.” 1

Of course, when we speak of the pitfalls in pressuring a marriage partner to change his or her behavior, we are speaking of normal day-to-day behaviors common to most marital relationships. It may be necessary at times, however, to insist on changes in a marriage partner, because some behaviors cannot be tolerated or negotiated. These include problems with infidelity, dishonesty, mental and physical abuse, substance abuse, prolonged neglect, illegal activities, or other similar acts.
The Law of the Harvest

Closely related to the Change-First Principle, I believe, are the Law of the Harvest and the Law of the Boomerang. All three concepts emphasize both the importance and the consequences of individual effort.

The Law of the Harvest is simply that we reap what we sow. (See Gal. 6:7.) This idea has troubled some people who are unhappily married because it suggests that they are reaping the consequences of earlier acts in marriage and are responsible, in part, for what is happening. This is not necessarily true. In some cases, however, a husband or wife who did not originally sow the seeds of discord, unhappiness, or disharmony may have helped nurture their growth. That illustrates the negative aspect of the Law of the Harvest.

Here is the positive side of the Law of the Harvest: If you want a better relationship with a marriage partner, change first. Plant the seeds of harmony, trust, and love, and then nurture them long enough for them to grow. The promise is that eventually you will reap what you sow.

Some couples in troubled marriages or families may be hesitant to start over if previous efforts have been unsuccessful. But the Law of the Harvest still holds. It has been reiterated in latter-day revelation: “Fear not to do good … for whatsoever ye sow, that shall ye also reap; therefore, if ye sow good ye shall also reap good for your reward.

“Therefore, fear not, little flock; do good.” (D&C 6:33–34.)
The Law of the Boomerang

Similarly, the Law of the Boomerang teaches us: “What goes out comes back.” How we treat others generally becomes the way they treat us. In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus admonished: “Therefore all things whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.” (Matt. 7:12.) Commonly called the Golden Rule, this teaching urges us to treat others the way we would like to be treated. It is timely advice for married couples. Usually, a husband or wife will eventually return the loving treatment we consistently give.

The Law of the Boomerang is taught in at least three other scriptures. Alma chastised his son, Corianton, for questionable conduct, and then noted: “For that which ye do send out shall return unto you again.” (Alma 41:15.) In Ecclesiastes, we read: “Cast thy bread upon the waters: for thou shalt find it after many days.” (Eccl. 11:1.) Luke noted: “Give, and it shall be given unto you; good [honest] measure, pressed down, and shaken together [for full compensation], and running over, shall men give into your bosom. For with the same measure that ye mete withal it shall be measured to you again.” (Luke 6:38.)
Where to Begin?

If you want to change yourself in order to improve your marriage, how can you know where to begin? You might ask yourself these key questions: “What would it be like to be married to me? What if my spouse were exactly like me—what would he/she be like to live with?” Start there. Begin with changes you could make in your life right now that would make you easier to live with and your marriage more tolerable for your spouse.

Another way to learn about needed changes in your own life is simply to ask. First ask the Lord, for he has promised, “If men [and women] come unto me I will show unto them their weakness. … If they humble themselves before me, and have faith in me, then will I make weak things become strong unto them.” (Ether 12:27.)

At an appropriate time—not when there is a spirit of contention present—you might also ask your husband or wife what changes you need to make in your behavior. Not long ago I was invited to teach a priesthood lesson in our ward on husband-wife relationships. During the lesson, I asked the quorum members how many would like to receive a revelation. Every hand went up. I then suggested that we all go home and ask our wives how we could be better husbands. (I should add that I followed my own advice, and had a very informative discussion with Susan for more than an hour that afternoon!)
The Road to Change

What if we as husbands and wives decided individually to take responsibility for our own lives and “change first” with regard to spiritual matters?

If we individually, and then jointly, sought the companionship of the Holy Ghost in our daily lives, our marriages could become stronger and happier.

If we exercised great patience with each other’s weaknesses and shortcomings, if we dropped the constant insistence that our spouses change, perhaps we could create an atmosphere in our marriages that would allow self-initiated change to take place.

The psychologists cited earlier have pointed out a fundamental truth about marriage: “There must be a void created for any new patterns to be established. And releasing one’s mate from the burden of having to meet unrealistic expectations allows him or her to perceive you in a new way and to think about being different on his or her own terms.” 2

Joseph Smith said: “It is a time-honored adage that love begets love. Let us pour forth love—show forth our kindness unto all mankind, and the Lord will reward us with everlasting increase; cast our bread upon the waters and we shall receive it after many days, increased to an hundredfold. …

“I do not dwell upon your faults, and you shall not upon mine. Charity, which is love, covereth a multitude of sins.” (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, p. 316; italics added.)

When we have learned to let charity cover the faults of the companions we love, we will probably feel their love more strongly, and more often. And we will be better prepared to build enduring marriages.

AutoCAD Class Final Documents

 The AutoCAD curriculum of BYU-Idaho obtained permission Frank Betz Association, Inc for the students to replicate this set of documents. This post have the four sheets that I produced in the class.

Final Revit Presentation for BYU Idaho

In my last Revit class, I designed a building that would serve as a good transition between the residence and university of Rexburg. My building is called the Thomas Monson Building.
The maximum size of the building could have been one hundred thousand square feet; however, the lot size was not big enough to push those limits of the the square footage with the four story building limit regulation in Rexburg, Idaho. The presentation should everything on it. Click on the picture to view it more closely.